Iindaba

Ialuminiyam ibalasele phakathi kwezinye iintsimbi kunye nomjikelo wayo wobomi ongenakuthelekiswa nanto. Ukumelana nomhlwa kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe kwakhona kuyenza yodwa, njengoko ingaphinda isetyenziswe amaxesha amaninzi ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nemveliso yentsimbi enyulu. Ukusukela ekuqaleni kwemigodi ye-bauxite ukuya ekudalweni kweemveliso ezilungiselelweyo kunye neenkqubo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe, inkampani yethu edityaniswe ngokupheleleyo ye-aluminiyam yenza ixabiso kuwo wonke umjikelo.

Ikhonkco lexabiso leAluminiyam

1. Imigodi yeBauxite

Inkqubo yokuveliswa kwe-aluminiyam isuka kwimigodi ye-bauxite, intsimbi ekrwada equlathe malunga ne-15-25% ye-aluminiyam kwaye ibekwe ikakhulu kwimimandla ejikeleze i-ikhweyitha. Ngoku, kukho ugcino oluqikelelwayo lwe-29 yeebhiliyoni zeetoni ze-bauxite ezinokugcina ukutsalwa ngaphezu kwekhulu leminyaka ngomlinganiselo wangoku. Ngaphaya koko, ubukho bemithombo yobutyebi engafunyaniswanga bucebisa ukuba nako ukwandisa eli xesha libekiweyo ukuya kwiminyaka engama-250-340.

2. Ukucokisa ialumina

Ukusebenzisa inkqubo yeBayer, i-alumina (i-aluminium oxide) itsalwa kwi-bauxite kwindawo yokucoca. I-alumina isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa isinyithi esisisiseko kwi-2: 1 (iitoni ezi-2 ze-alumina = i-1 tonne ye-aluminium).

3. Ukuveliswa kwe-aluminiyam yokuqala

Ukuvelisa isinyithi se-aluminium, ibhondi yeekhemikhali phakathi kwe-aluminiyam kunye neoksijini kwi-alumina kufuneka yaphulwe nge-electrolysis. Le yinkqubo ethatha amandla kakhulu eyenzeka kwiindawo ezinkulu zemveliso, efuna umthamo omkhulu wombane. Ukuze sifezekise injongo yethu yokungathathi cala kwekhabhoni ngokwembono yomjikelo wobomi ngo-2020, kubalulekile ukusebenzisa imithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo kwaye siqhubeke siphucula ubuchule bethu bokuvelisa.

4. Ukwenziwa kweAluminiyam

Ukucutshungulwa kwe-aluminiyam yinkqubo apho izinto ze-aluminiyam zicutshungulwa kwaye ziphathwe ngoluhlu lweenkqubo zokwenza iimveliso ezahlukeneyo ze-aluminiyam. Amanyathelo aphambili abandakanya ukuphuma, ukuqengqeleka kunye nokuphosa. I-Extrusion idala uxinzelelo ngokugqithisa imathiriyeli ye-aluminiyam ngokufa kwi-extruder, ukuyikhuphela kwisixhobo esinemilo enqwenelekayo yecandelo. Le ndlela ifanelekile kwimveliso yeemveliso ezinobunzima obufanaiifestile zefestile, iifreyimu zeengcango kunye nemibhobho. Ukuqengqeleka kukudlula iibhloko ze-aluminiyam okanye iipleyiti ngothotho lweenkqubo zokuqengqeleka ngokusebenzisa ilitye lokusila ukuze ziqhubeke zibe bubunzima nobubanzi obufunekayo. Le ndlela ifanelekile ukuveliswa kweemveliso ezifana ne-aluminium foil, i-aluminium alloy sheets kunye neebhotile ze-aluminium. Ukugalela kubandakanya ukugalela ialuminiyam etyhidiweyo kumngundo, othi emva koko upholiswe kwaye uqiniswe ukwenza ubume bemveliso obufunwayo. Le ndlela ilungele ukwenza iigiya ze-aluminium, iinxalenye ze-injini, kunye nezinto zemoto, phakathi kwezinye. Ngala manyathelo okucubungula, izinto ze-aluminium zinokucutshungulwa ngokuchanekileyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso ze-aluminium kunye nokusetyenziswa okuhlukeneyo.

5. Ukurisayikilisha

Ukurisayikilishwa kwe-aluminiyam kunamandla amangalisayo, kusetyenziswa kuphela i-5% yamandla afunekayo ukuvelisa i-aluminiyam yokuqala kwimathiriyeli ekrwada. Ngaphaya koko, inkqubo yokurisayikilisha ialuminiyam ayithobi umgangatho wayo, ivumela ukuba iphinde isetyenziswe ngokungenasiphelo. Enyanisweni, i-75% enomtsalane yayo yonke i-aluminiyam eyakha yaveliswa isasebenza nanamhlanje. Ezi nkcukacha-manani ziqaqambisa uzinzo kunye nobomi obude be-aluminiyam njengesixhobo esinokuphinda sisetyenziswe kumashishini ahlukeneyo.

I-Ruiqifeng inokubonelela ngeemveliso ezahlukeneyo ze-aluminiyam ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakho. Ukuba ungathanda ukuthetha neqela lethu kwaye ufunde ngakumbi malunga nendlela iRuiqifeng engalinceda ngayo ishishini lakho, zive ukhululekileQhagamshelana nathi.